GEO卫星寿命末期异常情况下离轨控制策略

End-of-Lifetime Deorbiting Control Strategy for GEO Satellites Under Abnormal Circumstances

为及时有效处置卫星寿命末期在轨突发情况,有针对性地做好卫星离轨的各项准备,控制与减小突发异常危害和不良影响,根据离轨控制要求,对异常情况下实施离轨的控制策略进行分析,提出了在燃料受限情况下"小步逼近"的多批次双脉冲离轨控制策略,以及在离轨控制时间受限情况下"大步远离"的短时间大控制量离轨控制策略,并通过仿真对控制策略进行了验证。结果表明,"小步逼近"控制策略能在燃料受限时尽可能地逼近坟墓轨道,"大步远离"控制策略能在较短的时间内将卫星送入坟墓轨道,该策略适用于GEO(Geostationary Earth Orbit,地球静止轨道)卫星寿命末期异常情况下的离轨控制。

In order to effectively deal with outburst of satellites at the end of service lifetime in a timely manner and aiming at preparation for satellite deorbiting, controlling and reducing unexpected hazards and adverse effects, strat-egy of deorbiting control under different conditions are analyzed based upon requirements of deorbiting control. Under the condition of limited fuel, a control strategy of multiple batch double pulse control referred to as “small step approaching” has been proposed. Under the condition of limited time, a control strategy of a short period of time and large quantity control referred to as ^big step awayw has been proposed, and the control strategy is veri-fied by simulation. The results show that the w small step approachingw strategy can approach the tomb orbit as much as possible while the fuel is limited, and the abig step awayw strategy allows the satellite to travel to the tomb orbit in a shorter period of time. This strategy applies to deorbiting control of Geostationary Earth Orbit （GEO） satellites at end-of-lifetime under abnormal circumstances.