古典政治经济学家的经济伦理观及其启示——以亚当·斯密和约翰·穆勒为例

The Economic Moral Values and Enlightenment of Classical Political Economists

古典政治经济学家们运用经济学的话语揭示了市场经济社会运行的基本规律及运行规则,在这种话语的背后其实还隐藏着深厚的经济伦理意蕴,亚当·斯密和约翰·穆勒就是众多古典政治经济学家的代表。这些隐藏着的经济伦理观可以被简约地概括为三个方面:为自由竞争的市场运行机制辩护,追求财富增长与财富分配的经济正义,建构符合道德理想的商业社会秩序。重新解读和讨论古典政治经济学家的经济伦理观,对于推动当前经济伦理学的理论研究和我国开展符合道德运行逻辑的市场经济实践活动都具有重要的意义。

The ethical implications were hidden in the classical political economists＇ words which are used to illustrate the operational laws, Adam Smith and J. S.Mill being the most typical. The thesis simplifies into three aspects： market operational mechanism in free competition; economic justice of emphasizing wealth＇s growth and distribution; ideal social order. To seek the moral basis from the reasonable commercial social order is the important topic of business ethics. The reinterpretation of the logical basis of classical political economics and its relationship with moral philosophy has an important practical significance to guide the construction of market economic activity conforming with moral operational logic.