网络语境下“丑”的价值批判

Critique on the Values of "Ugliness" in Cyber-context

丑作为重要的审美范畴在中西方艺术中具有特殊的意义和价值。然而,在网络语境下,丑逐渐丧失其作为审美范畴呈现在传统艺术中的美学价值,由美学层面的丑降低为生活现象层面的丑,反道德伦理、畸形的生物性、个人奇观化等为丑而丑、以丑为美的现象使丑被置入网络语境的艺术创作中并被批量复制。网络语境下丑的审美价值的缺失正是消费社会下审美主体和客体共谋的结果,亦是非理性取代理性导致的审美主客体的双重失落。当下丑的审美价值需要在当代性与精神性中寻求平衡点,使其既避免走向利用高科技创作出的让审美主体无所适从、无法理解的境地,又避免将丑的艺术混同于现象丑的宣扬,走向浅表化、碎片化和意义消解的极端。

As an important approach to aesthetics, ugliness has special implications in the art of China and western countries. However, the aesthetic values of ugliness are gradually losing their role in assessing the traditional art： the aesthetic ugliness has degraded into the secular one. The phenomenon, characterized by deliberately pursuing the effect of aesthetic ugliness and judging ugliness as beauty, entails three aspects：opposing the moral ethics, abnormal biological nature, personal peculiarity, which renders the ugliness to be substantially copied in the artistic creation of cyber-context. The loss of the aesthetic values in cyber-context results from both the aesthetic subject and object, and the fact that the replacement of irrationality with rationality results in the disappearance of the aesthetic subject and object. The present aesthetic values of ugliness call for the balance between the contemporary and the spiritual meaning, aiming at two targets： first, preventing the aesthetic subject from being trapped into the failure of understanding caused by the high-tech effect; second, hindering the equality between the art of ugliness and the preach of present ugliness as well as the access to extremes such as fragmentation and the dissolution of implications.