非平稳备件库存控制模型与算法研究

Inventory Model and Control for Spare Parts with Nonstationary Demands

针对非平稳需求的库存控制方法不成熟的问题,本文以控制库存总成本最小化为目标,以订货点和订货量为决策变量,建立了非平稳需求的随机静态库存控制模型,并给出了相应的求解方法;同时以汽车备件库存管理为例,进行了数值仿真实验,分析了模型的主要参数对结果的影响。分析结果表明,在其它参数不变的情况下,变异系数越大,即需求波动越大时,总成本在不断增加。需求波动越大,库存越不易控制,会增大成本;服务水平对总成本也有一定影响,服务水平越高,总成本就越高;随着库存持有成本的增加,总成本也增加,而且订货时间点也随着持有成本的增加而增加;可变订货成本的增加对订货时间点和订货量没有影响,只对总成本产生相应的增加,所以可变订货成本对整个模型没有影响。说明本文所建立的模型是合理的。该研究对提高非平稳库存管理效果具有一定参考价值。

In order to solve the problem of non-stationary demand inventory control, this paper establishes a stochastic static inventory control model with non-stationary demand, with the aim of minimizing total cost of inventory control and ordering and ordering quantity. A corresponding solution method is proposed. A t the same time, a numerical simulation experiment is carried out with the example of the inventory management of the spare parts of the automobile, and the influence of the main parameters of the model on the result is ana-lyzed. The analysis results show that the total cost is increasing while the other parameters remain unchanged. The larger the coefficient of variation is , the greater the demand fluctuation is , although the order time is un-changed. The higher the level of service, the higher the total cost; with the increase in inventory holding costs, so that the total cost also increases, the total cost w i l l be increased, and the ordering time point also increases with the increase of the holding cost. The increase of the variable ordering cost has no effect on the order time and the order quantity, and only increases the total cost, so the variable order cost has no influence on the whole model. This indicates that the model established in this paper is reasonable. The study has a certain ref-erence value for improving the non-stationary inventory management effect.