基于Ansys Workbench数控机床导轨的模态分析

Modal Analysis Based on Ansys Workbench's CNC Machine Tool

为提高高速高精密数控机床的加工精度,本文采用动力学模态分析原理,对机床加工过程中的重要部件——直线导轨-滑块机构进行研究。通过SolidWorks软件建立直线导轨有限元三维几何模型,并运行Ansys Workbench软件进行网格划分及受力分析,提取模型的前6阶固有频率和模态振型,对比分析了模型的动力学性能。分析结果表明,前6阶振型中变形主要发生在导轨上,因为长导轨的结构性质导致结构刚度较小,导轨滑块机构的变形量较大,因此需调整导轨的厚度或导轨两端的预紧力,以降低变形量来满足机床的加工制造要求。该研究为数控机床的性能优化提供了理论依据。

In order to improve the machining precision of high speed and high precision CNC machine tools,this paper adopts the principle of dynamic mode analysis to study the linear guide-slider mechanism in the machining process.The finite element 3Dgeometry model of linear guide is established by SolidWorks software,and the Ansys Workbench software is used to carry out grid division and force analysis.The first 6natural frequencies and modal shapes of the model are extracted,and the dynamic performance of the model is compared and analyzed.The results show that the deformation in the first six modes mainly occurs on the guide rail,because the structural properties of the long rail lead to the structural rigidity is small,the deformation of the guide rail mechanism is large,and so it is necessary to adjust the thickness of the guide rail or the preload of the rail to reduce the amount of deformation to meet the machine manufacturing requirements.This study provides a theoretical basis for the performance optimization of CNC machine tools.