钢包内气泡的形成与运动过程的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of bubble formation and motion process in ladle refining

以钢包精炼底吹氩气过程中氩气泡为研究对象,运用VOF模型追踪氩气与钢液的界面,在层流条件下三维数值模拟了氩气泡的生成和运动过程。采用Tecplot进行模拟结果的后处理,研究了不同气体流量条件对气泡脱离直径的影响以及气泡的运动特性。模拟结果显示,氩气泡的形成历经膨胀、脱离两个阶段,气泡脱离直径随着气体流量的增加而增加,针对2 mm直径的孔口,其鼓泡流量上限为1.325 L/min。气泡从孔口脱离后历经近似球形、扁平的椭球形、规则的椭球形和不规则的球帽形的形状变化;气体流量越大,气泡的变形程度越剧烈,气泡位于钢包高度中上部位置时,全部呈现近似规则的球形,不随流量的改变而改变。

This paper mainly does the following researches with the object of argon bubble in the process of the blow- ing argon from the bottom of ladle. The VOF numerical simulation was used to track the interface of argon gas and the liquid steel. Three-dimensional numerical simulation method is used to simulate the bubble generation and movement un- der laminar condition. Using the Tecplot to analyze the post-processing of simulation results, the influence of different gas flow conditions on the bubble diameter and movement characters was investigated. Simulation results show that the bubble formation consists of two stages, that are expansion and detachment. The departure diameter of bubble increases with the increase of the gas flow rate. The upper limit of the bubbling regime is 1.325 L/rain for nozzle with 2 mm diame- ter. The bubble shape is changed with approximate spherical, flat elliptical spherical, regular spherical and irregular spherical cap. The deformational degree of bubble increases with increasing the gas flow rate. All of bubbles present ap- proximate spherical when located in the upper position of ladle height and do not change with the flow rate.