陕西省渭南市市售熟肉制品微生物污染状况监测与分析

The microbial contamination monitoring and analysis of cooked meat products in Weinan City of Shaanxi Province

目的了解渭南市熟肉制品的微生物污染状况,为消除熟肉制品存在的安全隐患,保障人们身体健康,有效预防食源性疾病的暴发及食品安全监管提供科学依据。方法依据GB 2726-2005《熟肉制品卫生标准》中规定的方法,分别对样品的菌落总数、大肠菌群、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌5个项目进行检测。结果共对100份熟肉制品进行检测,总体合格率43.00%;各检测项目中菌落总数的合格率最低(49.00%)。定型包装样品的合格率(93.94%)明显高于散装样品的合格率(17.91%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=49.088,P<0.01)。不同采样场所中采自超市的样品合格率最高(74.42%),不同类型的熟肉制品中熏烧烤类熟肉制品的合格率最高(80.00%),不同采样场所(P<0.01)及不同种类熟肉制品(P<0.05)的合格率差异均有统计学意义。结论渭南市熟肉制品微生物污染状况不容乐观,合格率低,提示有关部门应加强熟肉制品在加工、运输和销售等环节的监督管理,预防和控制食源性疾病的发生,保障人们的饮食安全。

Objective To investigate the microbial contamination of cooked meat products in Weinan City and to eliminate the potential safety hazard existing in cooked meat products, so as to maintain people＇ s physical fitness, and provide the scientific basis for effectively preventing outbreaks of food - borne illness and food safety supervision. Methods According to the ＂Cooked Meat Products Hygiene Standards＂ （GB 2726 -2005） , the total plate count, Coliform, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus were detected separately. Results A total of one hundred cooked meat products were detected and the total qualified rate was 43.00% ; the qualified rate of total plate count was the lowest （49.00%） among different items. The qualified rate of stereo- types packaged samples （93.94%） apparently higher than bulk samples （ 17.91% ）, there were statistically significant differ- ences in qualified rate for two different packaged samples（x2 =49. 088, P 〈0. 01 ）. The qualified rate of supermarkets＇ samples from different sampling sites was the highest（74. 42% ）, the qualified rate of samples which were smoked and barbecued of dif- ferent kinds of cooked meat products was the highest（80.00% ）, there were statistically significant differences in qualified rate for samples from different sampling sites（P 〈0. 01）, and those from different kinds of cooked meat products（P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The microbial contamination status of cooked meat products in Weinan City is unoptimistic with low qualification rate, indicating that the authorities should strengthen the supervision in the processing, transportation, and sales of the cooked meat products, in order to prevent and control the occurrence of food - borne illness, and to ensure the people＇s diet safety.