城镇、农田、农舍鼠情监测与鼠携带肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病毒调查

Monitoring of urban,farmland and farmhouse rats and investigation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) virus

目的了解城镇、农田、农舍鼠类密度、种类、数量变化,及其携带肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病毒情况,为制定综合防制方案提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法,每月均在1~15日期间布夹,每个监测点每次布鼠夹300夹以上,晚放晨收。将捕获的鼠类无菌解剖取肺进行冰冻切片,作FHFS病毒抗原检测。结果布鼠夹11 105个,捕获鼠类974只(8个品种),平均鼠密度为8.77%;对符合无菌要求取的823份鼠肺样本进行冰冻切片检测,有4只不同种类的鼠检出HFRS病毒抗原阳性,带毒率为0.49%;黑线姬鼠带毒率最高(2.78%),其次分别为小家鼠(1.92%)、褐家鼠(0.40%)和四川短尾鼩(0.21%)。黑线姬鼠的带毒率分别是小家鼠、褐家鼠、四川短尾鼩的1.40倍、6.95倍和13.24倍。结论城镇、农田、农舍的鼠类均带毒。因此,开展城镇、农田、农舍统一灭鼠十分必要。

Objective To understand the town, farmland, farmhouse rodent density, species and quantity change, carry the HFRS virus, and to provide scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and control plan. Methods By night trapping method in 1 - 15 days during each month of each monitoring point for each clip cloth, cloth clip more than 300 traps, later collected in the morning. Town, farmhouse ordinary residential each room cloth 1 clip, more than 15 square meters of room 2 cloth clip; farmland along every 1 students mirror 5 metres of cloth clip, do not repeat the monitoring points within half a year; the captured rodents sterile dissected frozen section for lung, the detection of FHFS virus antigen. Results The cloth trap 11 105, 974 ro- dents were captured（ 8 varieties） , the average rat density was 8.77% ; with 823 rat lung samples were taken for aseptic frozen section detection, there are 4 different types of rat HFRS virus was detected with virus antigen positive rate was 0. 49% ; the highest rate of Apodemus virus （ 2.78% ） , followed by Mus musculus （ 1.92% ） , Sichuan （ 0. 40% ） and Rattus anourosorex （0. 21% ）. Apodemus virus were Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus, Sichuan anourosorex 1.40 times, 6.95 times and 13.24 times. Conclusion Town, farmland, farmhouse with rodent poison, therefore, it is necessary to carry out the town, farmland, farmhouse unified rodent.