先天性主动脉瓣四叶畸形的超声诊断分析

Ultrasound diagnostic traits analysis of congenital quadricupid aortic valves

目的研究先天性主动脉瓣四叶畸形(congenital quadricupid aortic valves,CQAV)的超声诊断特点并进行分析。方法应用Philips EPIQ7和IE33超声诊断仪,S5-1、X5-1、X3-1、S7-3t探头采用经胸超声心动图(The thoracic echocardiography,TTE)、经食道超声心动图(transesophageal echocardiography,TEE)及经胸三维超声心动图(real-time three-dimensional echocardiography,RT-TTE)对16例CQAV患者显示主动脉短轴、长轴切面,观察CQAV附着、形态大小、回声、开闭及血流情况。结果 16例患者超声心动图显示CQAV的形态和大小,最常见为三个同等大瓣和一个小瓣(8例,占50.00%),其次为四个瓣一样(5例,占31.25%),两个同等大瓣和两个不同的小瓣(2例,占12.50%),四个瓣都不同(1例,占6.25%),其中3例经手术证实。结论超声心动图能明确诊断CQAV及其心内合并症,对选择相应的治疗方案有极重要的应用价值。

Objective To explore and analyze the ultrasound diagnostic traits of CQAV.Methods We used Philips EPIQ7 and IE33 Ultrasound machines, with S5-1, X5-1, X3-1, S7-3t probes, rITE, TEE and RT- TI＇E were observed, 16 patients of CQAV were observed on aortic root short axis view, CQAV shape, echo, opening and closing and hemodynamic conditions. Results Almost all 16 patients echocardiography showed CQAV shape and size, 8 patients were with one leaf smaller（50.00%） , 5 patients were with four leaves equal （31.50%）, 2 patients with 2 leaves smaller（ 12.50%）, 1 patient with four different leaves（6.25%）, 3 cases were confirmed by surgery.Conclusions Echocardiography can confirm the diagnosis of CQAV abnormalities and other heart complications, it has a very important value for the choice of the appropriate treatment.