我国贝类养殖发展的基本态势与模式研究

A Study on the Basic Situation and Pattern of Shellfish Breeding in China

贝类养殖是我国水产养殖的重要组成部分,其经济与社会功能日益凸显。论文从产量、产值、品种结构等角度,分析了我国贝类养殖发展的基本态势,并深入剖析了贝类养殖存在的问题,认为资源环境约束增强,技术创新能力不足,养殖行为不规范,管理体制不健全,风险控制体系不完善等是制约其可持续发展的主要问题。基于上述分析,深入研究了我国贝类养殖业的发展模式,并从产业组织形态方面提出了"渔业龙头企业+养殖基地+贝类养殖户"的合作发展模式。最后,从资源环境养护、科技投入、完善法律法规与制度建设等方面提出了实现我国贝类养殖可持续发展的政策建议。

Shellfish farming is an important part of aquaculture？ and its economic and social functions are increasingly prominent. In this paper,the current situation of shellfish farming in China is analyzed from the aspects of yield？ output value and variety structure. An in-depth analysis is made of the main problems of shellfish farming： the increasing constraints of resources and environment, the weak ability of technological innovation, the non-standardized farming behavior, unsound management system, and im-perfect risk control system, which will strangle its sustainable development. Based on the above analysis, this paper studies the development model of shellfish aquaculture in China？ and puts forward from industri-al organization form a cooperative development model of ＂fishery leading enterprises ＋ shellfish breeding bases ＋ shellfish farmers＂. Finally？ the paper puts forward some strategies from the aspects of resource and environment protection,science and technology investment, perfecting laws and regulations and insti-tution building.