后李约瑟时代中国科技通史的编史学变革

On the Historiographical Reform of General History of Chinese Science and Technology in the Post J. Needham Era

从编史学角度看,中国科技通史的研究至今未能真正超越李约瑟所开创的"实证史"编史学纲领。尽管李约瑟之后的科技史家在编史学变革方面做了许多重要探索,但这些探索大多停留在对实证史纲领的方法论反思,未能从形而上学层面彻底反思科学观、技术观、历史观等编史学预设,从而未能真正超越实证史纲领。要超越实证史的编史学局限,有必要引入身体现象学视角,从形而上学层面深入反思与批判实证史的编史学预设。这种反思将引领我们走向一种后李约瑟时代的新编史学纲领:"现象史",即身体现象学视角的中国科技通史。

The research of General History of Chinese Science and Technolo （GHCST） has so far failed to transcend the ＂positivist history＂ programme gY of historiography initiated by J. Needham. The historians after J. Needham have made important explorations on the historiographical reform of GHCST. However, almost all of these explorations remain as the methodological reflections on the ＂positivist history＂, fail to initiate the metaphysical reflections on its historiographical presuppositions such as views of science, technology and history. In order to proceed those reflections and go beyond the limitations of the ＂positivist history＂, it is necessary to introduce the perspective of the phenomenology of body. This introduction will lead us to a new programme of historiography in the post-J. Needham era： ＂phenomenal history＂, namely, the GHCST from the perspective of the phenomenology of body .