水胶体敷料在预防无创呼吸机通气患者面部压疮中的应用

Application of hydrocolloid dressing in prevention of facial sores of patients receiving mechanical ventilation of noninvasive ventilator

目的:探讨水胶体敷料在预防监护室持续无创通气患者面部压疮中的应用效果。方法:将2013年1月~2016年1月医院监护室收治的100例长期持续无创通气(每天无创通气时间≥22 h,无创通气天数≥14 d)的患者随机等分为观察组和对照组,观察组患者使用水胶体敷料,对照组患者使用自制纱布敷料,分别于第1,2周比较两组患者鼻面部压疮的发生率,观察两种敷料在不同时期对预防鼻面部压疮的效果。结果:第1周两组患者压疮发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),第2周观察组患者鼻面部压疮的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:若监护室老年患者持续无创通气≤7 d,应用水胶体敷料、自制纱布敷料均可有效预防面部压疮;若持续无创通气>7 d,推荐应用水胶体敷料预防面部压疮。

Objective ：To discuss the effect of application of hydrocolloid dressing in prevention of facial sores of patients receiving mechanical ventilation of noninvasive ventilator in ICU. Methods ： Selected 100 patients receiving long - term noninvasive ventilation （ daily noninvasive ventilation time ≥22 h, and noninvasive ventilation days ≥14 d） admitted to ICU from January 2013 to January 2016, and they were equally divided into observation group and control group. The patients from observation group received hydrocolloid dressing, while the patients from control group received self - made gauze dressing, and they were compared in incidence rate of nasal and facial sores in the first and the second weeks, and observed for effect of two different dressings in preven-tion of nasal and facial sores in different stages. Results ： The difference between the two groups in incidence rate of sores in the first week was of no statisti-cal significance （P 〉0. 05） ; the patients from observation group had a lower incidence rate of nasal and facial sores than those from control group in the second week, and the difference was of statistical significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion ： If the elderly patients in the IUC received continuous noninvasive ventilation is less than or equal to 7d, their facial sores could be effectively prevented by use of hydrocolloid dressing and self - made gauze dressing ; if the continuous noninvasive ventilation time is more than 7d, it is recommended to adopt hydrocolloid dressing in prevention of facial sores.