东太湖湖滨带近三十年生态环境变化遥感分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation the Environmental Changes of East Taihu Lakeside Zone by Remote Sensing Data in the Past Three Decades

利用Landsat系列卫星遥感影像对东太湖湖滨带1984—2015年生态环境变化状况进行了解译与分析。结果表明,东太湖湖滨带生态环境变化明显,人类活动影响显著;水域湿地面积有一定上升,农田持续减少,建设用地扩张约1倍;湿地类别受水产养殖活动影响较大,20世纪90年代最为明显。2010年后环保部门推动落实生态修复、航道疏浚和清淤工程,有效改善了东太湖湖滨带的水生态状况。

This article analyzed the ecological environment changes of East Taihu lakeside zone from 1984 to 2015 based on five remote sensing images from Landsat series of satellites, and then discussed the change process and reasons of wet wetland, farmland and construction land. After that, it also got the data of area transformation between natural and artificial wetland. The results showed that the ecological environment of East Taihu lakeside zone changed significantly during the past three decades, which was affected deeply by human activities. After 2010, ecological dredging and other restoration projects improved the natural wetland environment effectively.