粉尘爆炸防护措施的研究进展

Research Progress of Preventive and Control Measures for Dust Explosion

随着工业现代化的发展,粉末技术应用越来越广泛。由于人们对不同物料粉尘的危害认识不清,特别是粮食粉尘和金属粉尘爆炸机理和防治技术研究不够系统、深入,缺乏有效的粉尘爆炸安全防护,导致最近几年粉尘爆炸事故频繁发生。为预防和控制粉尘爆炸事故,更加深入地了解粉尘爆炸,首先从粉尘爆炸的机理和必要条件介绍了粉尘爆炸;其次,总结了粉尘爆炸防护措施的试验研究现状,对惰化技术、泄爆技术、抑爆技术3个方面进行阐述。此外,分析目前防护措施的不足,并提出将来发展的方向,为粉尘爆炸防护研究提供引导作用。

With the development of modern industrialization,powder technology has been widely used. However, the danger of different materials dusts is not well understood,especially the lack of in systematic and in-depth developments in dust explosion mechanism,prevention and control technolog^^ of grain dust and metal dust,and in effective safety protec-tion of dust explosion,which result in more and more dust explosion accidents in recent years. For the prevention, control-ling and deep understanding of dust explosion,the mechanisms and boundary conditions were introduced and explained. Furthermore, current experimental research in protection of dust explosion was summarized in view of inerting technology, explosion technology,and explosion suppression technology. The shortcoming of current protection was analyzed and the di-rection of future development was proposed to provide guidance for dust explosion protection research.