东莞地区2岁以下婴幼儿沙门菌感染血清型分布特征研究

Distribution characteristics analysis of different serotypes of salmonella infection in infants below 2 years old in Dongguan

目的分析东莞地区2岁以下婴幼儿沙门菌感染血清型分布特征。方法采集沙门菌单一感染所致腹泻婴幼儿粪便标本进行沙门菌分离培养,并对菌种进行群和血清型鉴定,分析各种沙门菌血清型在不同性别和年龄患儿中的分布特征。结果共分离沙门菌396株,检出36种血清型,排名前三位的为鼠伤寒沙门菌、斯坦利沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,共占68.7%。所有患儿中,男253例、女143例,男女比例为1.77∶1,平均年龄(9.3±2.3)个月。前三位沙门菌血清型中,男性患儿以鼠伤寒沙门菌感染为主(62.3%),斯坦利沙门菌感染比例最小(16.8%),女性患儿也以鼠伤寒沙门菌感染为主(53.3%),但肠炎沙门菌感染比例最小(19.0%);各年龄组患儿均以鼠伤寒沙门菌感染为主,低年龄组(0~5.99个月)斯坦利沙门菌感染比例最小(18.4%),中年龄组(6~11.99个月)肠炎沙门菌感染比例最小(14.4%),而高年龄组(12~24个月)肠炎沙门菌和斯坦利沙门菌感染比例一致(21.8%)。主要的3种血清型沙门菌在不同性别和年龄患儿中的分布差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性患儿感染菌种多样性较女性患儿更为明显;随患儿年龄增长,菌种多样性更为明显。结论 2岁以下婴幼儿沙门菌感染有其独特的血清型分布特征,感染菌种多样性应引起高度重视。

Objective To analyze the serotypes distribution characteristics of salmonella infection in infants below 2 years old in Dongguan.Methods Feces samples collected in children below 2years old with diarrhea,caused by salmonella infection,were cultured for salmonella isolates,which were then identified for serotypes.The distribution characteristics of different serotypes of salmonella were analyzed.Results A total of 369 strains of salmonella were isolated,including 36 serotypes.The most common three serotypes were Salmonella typhimurium(S.ty),Salmonella stanley(S.st)and Salmonella enteritidis(S.en),which accounted for 68.7%.In all infants with diarrhea,there were 253 boys and 143 girls,and the male:female ratio was 1.77∶1.The average age of infants was(9.3±2.3)months.In male and female infants,the most serotype was S.ty,accounting for 62.3% and 53.3%,but the least serotypes in male and female infants were S.st(16.8%)and S.en(19.0%)respectively.S.ty was the most common serotype in different age groups.The least serotypes in low-age group(0-5.99 months)and middle-age group(6-11.99 months)were S.st(18.4%)and S.en(14.4%)respectively.In high-age group(12-24 months),the proportion of S.st and S.en were both 21.8%.The diversity of salmonella serotypes in male infants was higher than female infants,and with the increasing of age,the diversity was more obvious.Conclusion There could be unique serotype distribution characteristics of salmonella infection in infants with diarrhea,and the diversity of salmonella serotypes should be paid more attention.