泸溪(浦市)方言的指示词略论

Demonstratives in Xiang Dialect of Pushi in Luxi

泸溪(浦市)方言的指示词是远近二分体系。其特点如下:基本指示词"这/那"可以单独作"是"字句的主语,但不能单独作宾语。主要的名物指示词为"这条/那条";处所指示和时间指示都受到普通话的影响;数量指示词"这蒲/那蒲"是中性词,而"这何/那何"主观性较强。方式程度指示词主要有"这么/那么""这么条/那么条"两组,但二者的句法功能有较大区别。

The demonstrative system of Pushi dialect in Luxi is dimidiate according to distance.The main features are as follows:the basic demonstrative zhe/na can be the subject of sentences with shi as the predicate,but either cannot be used as an object in any cases.The main demonstrative to indicate a thing is zhetiao and natiao.Demonstratives related to location and time in Pushi dialect are influenced by Putonghua.Both zhepu/napu and zhehe/nahe are demonstratives which express quantity,but the former is neutral,while the latter is of subjectivity.There are two groups of mode/degree demonstratives such as zheme/name and zhemetiao/nametiao,but their syntactic functions are quite different.