北京市某三级医院体检人群中高血压患病情况调查及相关因素分析

Hypertension on prevalence and influencing factors in a hospital's check-up population of Beijing

目的调查北京市某三级医院1 001例体检人群中高血压的患病情况并探讨社会经济状况、行为因素等与高血压的相关性。方法对2013年4-5月北京市某三级医院体检中心受检者进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括社会经济状况、行为方式、疾病史、用药史等;同时进行体格检查和测定生化指标;调查高血压的患病情况及其危险因素。结果发放问卷1 034份,有效问卷1 001份,回收有效率为96.8%;受检者共1 001例,男460例,女541例,平均年龄(34.42±8.93)岁,高血压总患病率为17.4%(174/1 001),男性高血压患病率为24.3%(112/460),女性高血压患病率为11.5%(62/541),男性与女性高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着年龄升高,高血压患病率逐渐升高;剔除混杂因素后,性别、年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、月收入、工作时间、饮食习惯是高血压发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高血压的发病存在性别、年龄特点,且与社会经济状况、自身行为方式等多种因素有关,应对高血压患者实施综合管理。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension in 1101 tertiary care hospital＇s check-up people of Beijing,and explore its relationship with socio-economic status and behavior factors.Methods Check-up subjects from April to May in 2013 were surveyed by questionnaire.The questionnaire included socio-economic status, behavior,medical history and medication history,etc.At the same time,the outcomes of physical examination and biochemical indicators were collected. The prevalence of hypertension was estimated and influencing factors of hypertension were analyzed.Results From survey in 1034 subjects by questionnaire and physical examination,valid questionnaires 1001 were gained, the effective rate was 96.8%. 1001 pieces subjects were enrolled in the investigation,male 460 and female 541,the subjects＇average age was （34.42±8.93）years old.The prevalence of hypertension was 17.4%（174/1001 ）,and male＇s was 24.3%（112/460 ）,female＇s was 11.5%（62/541 ）,and significant difference was in the prevalence of hypertension（P 〈0.05）.The prevalence of hypertension increased gradually with the increasing of age.Eliminating the confounding factors,gender,age,body mass index（BMI）,monthly income,working hours,eating habits were the risk factors of hypertension（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Hypertension was characterized by gender and age,and was related to socio-economic status and behavior factors.The comprehensive management should be carried out in patients with hypertension.