市场公平竞争与企业产能过剩治理——来自中国制造业的经验证据

Fair Market Competition and Overcapacity Regulation in China:Evidence from Manufacturing Enterprises

公平竞争对化解企业过剩产能极为重要,但对此的经验研究相对缺乏。利用世界银行中国企业调查数据,本文从欠公平竞争视角研究了中国制造企业产能过剩的形成与治理机制。研究发现:欠公平竞争显著加剧了企业产能过剩,说明在微观层面应该进一步提升我国市场的公平竞争程度,减少各类灰色竞争与反竞争等对产能过剩的不利影响。就作用机理而言,发现欠公平竞争往往与要素市场扭曲、产品市场调节信号失效、内生产能集中机制失灵以及研发创新化解产能乏力等渠道结合,最终加剧企业产能过剩。本文政策含义表明,应该从供需两侧铲除阻碍企业公平竞争的土壤,通过强化公平竞争环境来遏制企业产能过剩。

Fair market competition is extremely important for overcapacity, but there was lack of related empirical study. Using the World Bank survey（2012 or 2005） on China, this paper empirically examines the influence of fair market competition on firm＇ s overcapacity from the anti-competition perspective. We find there is an promoting effects of anti-competition on firm＇ s overcapacity, which means that we should keep working on a more fairly competition envlr＇ onment to fighting against the overcapacity in China. Next, when it comes to the mechanism, we find there is implicit relation among the anti-competion and distortion of factors, malfunction of product market, failure of product concentration mechanism, and the invalid of capacity resolving by innovation, which exacerbate overcapacity finally. The policy implication of this paper suggests that in order to curb overcapacity, we should get rid of unfair competition in both sides of the supply and demand market.