民法分则侵权责任编立法研究

Study on the Legislation of Tort Liability Part of the Civil Code

民法分则侵权责任编的制定,应当在《侵权责任法》的基础上,对于《民法总则》规定的新原则与新的一般性规则予以细化,对于原先不合理的一些规定予以修改,对于实践中的新问题予以规定。应当结合侵权责任方式规定不同的归责事由。修改共同危险行为与无意思联络的分别侵权行为的责任承担规则。构建更为系统的损害赔偿体系,尤其是完善精神损害赔偿与惩罚性赔偿的规定。增加规定受害人同意与自愿承担风险、自助行为以及法律授权行为作为抗辩事由。完善各项具体侵权责任制度,构建更为公平合理的侵权责任制度体系。

On the basis of the Tort Liability Law, the compilation of the tort liability part of the Civil Code shall further detail new principles and general provisions contained in the General Provisions of the Civil Law, amend certain unreasonable provisions, and stipulate new issues in practice. Moreover, it is necessary to stipulate the imputation principle by combining with the methods of assuming liability, amend the rules of assuming liability for the joint dangerous behavior and separate infringement without joint faults, further establish the compensation system, especially the compensation for mental damage and punitive damage, amend the defenses by adding the consent of victims, voluntary assumption of risk, self-help and legal authorization, improve various specific tort liability systems, and further establish a reasonable and fair institutional system of tort liability.