干细胞的生物力学研究

Biomechanics of stem cells

干细胞生物力学作为生物力学的重要分支和前沿学科,近年来在力学-生物学、力学-化学耦合等方面取得了重大进展,已成为生物力学乃至生物医学工程最活跃的领域之一,并对发育生物学、干细胞生物学、组织修复、再生医学等相关领域产生重要影响.干细胞具有独特的力学性质,可感知、传递、转导和响应生理力学微环境的改变,从而调控干细胞的生长、分化等功能,体现出典型的力学-生物学耦合特征.本文将对干细胞的力学性质与细胞力学模型、在体力学环境对干细胞生长和分化的影响、干细胞对外界力学刺激的响应等方面加以综述.

As an important branch of biomechanics, stem cell biomechanics has made great progress in mechano-biological, mechano-chemical coupling, and other related fields in recent years. It has become one of the most active fields in biomechanics and biomedical engineering, and made significant impacts on the areas of stem cell biology, tissue repair, regenerative medicine, and so on. Stem cells have unique mechanical properties, which can sense, transmit, transduce and respond to changes in physiological and mechanical microen- vironment, thus regulating the function of stem cell growth and differentiation, showing a typical mechano-biological coupling characteristics. This paper reviews the mechanical properties of stem cells and cell mechanics models, the effects of in vivo mechanical mi- croenvironment on stem cell growth and differentiation, and the responses of stem cells to external mechanical stimuli.