环境法本位的反思及环境法多元化保障手段

Rethink on Environmental Law Standard and Diversified Means of Protection

目前我国环境法学界对环境法的本位这一主题的解读多是在实证、工具层面的,此与传统法理学在应然价值层面探究法的本位问题的思路是相左的;同时,有关环境法本位的误读和争议又进一步引发了学界在实在法律规则层面对环境法保障手段的"单一化"的解读。这显然不利于准确定位环境法的价值目标,也有碍于环境法律体系的合理构建。环境法学界应回归部门法理学之本里,从价值层面确立并正确解读环境法的权利本位,并以之为基础正视环境法的"多元化"保障手段及其配合机制。具体来看该配合机制表现为"一体两翼一支撑":即环境行政权力是核心保障手段;社会环境权力和自然人环境权利是辅助保障手段;环境义务是环境法各保障手段的支撑。

At present, the research of environmental law standard in China are mostly from empirical and instrumental perspective.This is opposite to the idea that traditional jurisprudence explores the standard of law at the value level. The misunderstanding and controversy of environmental law standard further encourages scholars to make ＂ simplified＂ interpretation of the environmental law protection measures. This fails to generate accurate positioning of the value of environmental law and hinders the rational construction of environmental legal system. Environmental law should return to jurisprudence to establish and correctly interpret the right standard of environmental law from the val- ue perspective, and to envisage the ＂diversified＂ means of protection and its coordination mechanism on the basis of right standard. With the perspective of the right standard of environmental law, the coordination mechanism of all protection measures for environmental law could be expressed as ＂ one body-two wings-one support＂, that is, environmental administrative power as the core guarantee measure; social power and environmental right as the auxiliary measure; environmental obligation supporting all protection means of environmental law.