支气管镜冷冻肺活检对中老年弥漫性肺疾病的诊断价值

Diagnostic value of endobronchial cryobiopsy on diffuse lung disease in the middle aged and elderly patients

目的比较分析经支气管镜钳夹活检和经支气管镜冷冻活检在中老年患者弥漫性肺疾病中的诊断价值。方法 60例中老年弥漫性肺疾病患者分为两组,钳夹活检组30例,冷冻活检组30例。比较两组组织病理诊断阳性率、操作持续时间、并发症及组织大小等情况。结果冷冻活检和钳夹活检均成功获取病理组标本,冷冻活检组的阳性率为46.67%,与钳夹活检组(16.67%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.24,P<0.05)。冷冻活检组术后出血情况与钳夹活检组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.27,P>0.05)。冷冻活检组组织标本直径大于钳夹活检组,差异有统计学意义(t=11.49,P<0.05)。冷冻活检组在获取组织时所需时间与钳夹活检组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.95,P>0.05)。结论支气管镜冷冻肺活检相比传统的钳夹活检在弥漫性肺疾病中有更高的诊断阳性率,是一种安全、有效的检查方法。

Objective . To investigate the diagnostic value of endobronchial cryobiopsy or forceps biopsy on diffuse lung disease （DLD） in the middle aged and elderly patients. Methods Sixty middle aged and elderly patients with DLD were enrolled and divided into the endobronchial cryobiopsy group and the forceps biopsy group. The differences of pathological diagnosis positive rate,duration of operation,complication, and tissue size between the endobronchial cryobiopsy group and the forceps biopsy group were compared. Results Pathological specimens were successfully obtained by cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy. The positive rate of cryobiopsy group was 46.67%,which was higher than the forceps biopsy group （16.67%）,the difference was statistically significant （X^2=6.24,P〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference in petechea between the cryobiopsy group and the forceps biopsy group （X^2=3.27,P〉0.05）. The diameter of the tissue samples in the cryobiopsy group was significantly greater than that in the forceps biopsy group （t=11.49,P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the time required to obtain tissue between the cryobiopsy group and the forceps biopsy group（t=0.95,P〉0.05）. Conclusion Endobronchial cryobiopsy achieves a higher positive diagnosis rate than forceps biopsy,which is a safe and effective measure ment.