直觉主义法律发现模式及其偏差控制

Intuition and its Bias Control in the Legal Discovery

在认知心理学上,一般将直觉视为一种信息的加工处理机制,即根据输入的信息来准确、快捷地输出处理的结果。在法律发现的过程中,直觉的作用主要表现在法条的获取、结论的预设和权衡、法律解释等方面。由于直觉机制依赖于法官的经验和专业知识,且受到人类认知规律的束缚,因而作为法律发现方法的直觉主义可能产生偏差,进而需要通过职业准入、诉讼程序等制度对直觉偏差进行控制。在法教义学的视阈下,通过引入校正程序和正当化程序,可以将直觉主义法律发现模式彻底改造成一种可被接受的司法决定模式,即"直觉—校正—正当化"。

On cognitive psychology, intuition works as a cognitive system in processing informanon. According to the input information, the intuitive mechanism could quickly provide a right answer. In the judicial process, intuition could provide a prerequisite for law-finding by accessing legal provisions, drawing initial conclusions and so on. At the same time, as a technology of law-finding, intuitive mechanism tends to induce justification.