用于六氟化铀泄漏事故后果评估的化学物质推荐限值

Recommended concentration limits for consequence assessment of uranium hexafluoride accidental release

在六氟化铀泄漏事故后果的评估中,除了关注铀的放射性后果外,还需要关注泄漏物质的化学毒性影响。在进行化学毒性影响评估时,如果采用半致死浓度作为评估标准,则低估了六氟化铀泄漏事故的影响半径。在进行六氟化铀泄漏事故的环境影响评估时,不仅要考虑泄漏物质的致死效应,更应该考虑泄漏物质对事故地点周边公众的健康影响。美国环保署、美国工业卫生协会等机构均提出了相应的化学浓度限值系列。对六氟化铀事故后果评价,推荐采用美国能源部推出的保护行动限值(PACs)。

Chemical Toxicity of uranium hexafluoride （ UF6 ） should be evaluated in addition to the effects of radiation in consequence assessment of UF6 accidental release. The hazard of UF6 accidental release would be underestimated when the half lethal concentration was used as the criteria for chemical toxicity assessment. In the environmental impact assessment for UF6 accidental release, the health impact on public surrounding the site of accident should be considered besides the lethality of the released chemicals. Several series of chemical limits have been proposed by EPA, AIHA etc. The protective action criteria values （PACs） proposed by DOE are recommended for consequence assessment of the UF6 accidental release.