上海市杨浦区无偿献血者标本乙肝、丙肝检测阳性率调查

Investigation of HBV and HCV Infections from Blood Donors in Yangpu District,Shanghai

目的分析献血者乙肝、丙肝检测阳性率趋势,为提出有效的预防措施及选择低危献血者队伍提供保障。方法对血站2011~2015年献血者标本乙肝、丙肝检测阳性率数据进行统计分析。结果 5年来献血者标本乙肝和丙肝检测阳性率分别从0.9%下降至0.6%,0.2%下降至0.1%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性乙肝、丙肝检测阳性率高于女性,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);就献血者种类而言,5年总阳性率以团体较互助和个人无偿献血者高的多,分别为乙肝1.0%、0.6%、0.3%;丙肝0.3%、0.1%、0.005%。结论应选择固定无偿献血者队伍,同时严格操作规范,推广灵敏度高、特异性好的检测方法,保障采供血安全。

Objective To analyze the positive rates ofHBV andHCV to provide effective precautionary measures and select low-riskdonor. Methods To analyze the positive rates ofHBV andHCV from blood donor specimens from 2011 to 2015. Results The positive rates of HBV and HCV declined from 0.9% to 0.6% and from 0.2% to 0.1%, respectively （P〈0.05） . No statistical difference was seen of positive rates of HBV and HCV between males and females （P〉0.05） . However, the positive rates of HBV and HCV in planned blood donors were higher than in personal blood donors. Conclusions HBV and HCV infections were decreasing in voluntary blood donors. The positive rates of HBV and HCV in planned blood donors were significantly higher than in personal and co-operative blood donors. It is necessary to choose the regular blood donors, and improve sensibility and specificity of detection to ensure blood safety.