放射性肺损伤与Th1／Th2免疫失衡研究进展

Research advances in radiation-induced lung injury and Th1/Th2 imbalance

胸部肿瘤放疗过程中正常肺组织不可避免受到照射,发生放射性肺损伤,主要病理表现为受照区域炎性细胞聚集、细胞因子释放、成纤维细胞聚集和增殖以及肺泡间隔胶原过度沉积。放射性肺损伤严重影响胸部放疗患者治疗顺应性和生存质量,甚至威胁其生命。近年来,大量研究发现Th1、Th2免疫失衡与放射性肺损伤的发生发展关系密切,相关细胞因子网络在放射性肺损伤进展过程中发挥执行作用,因此恢复体内Th1、Th2免疫平衡可能为防治放射性肺损伤提供新途径。

Normal lung tissues are inevitably exposed to X-ray in thoracic radiotherapy, causing radiation-induced lung injury （RILI）. The main pathological manifestations include the accumulation of inflammatory cells, release of cytokines, accumulation and proliferation of fibroblasts, and excessive deposition of alveolar interstitial collagen in the irradiated region. RILI severely affects the treatment compliance and quality of life and even threatens the life in the patients receiving radiotherapy. In recent years, numerous studies have found that Th1/Th2 imbalance is closely associated with the development and progression of RILI, and the cytokine network plays an executive role in the progression of RILI. Therefore, restoring the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo may provide a new way to prevent and treat RILI.