外商直接投资、区域生态效率的动态演进和空间溢出——以安徽省为例

Dynamic Evolution, Spatial Spillover of FDI and Regional Eco-efficiency——A Case Study of Anhui Province

文章基于安徽省16个地级市2008-2015年的面板数据,采用空间杜宾模型分析FDI对生态效率的影响。结果显示:各市的生态效率稳步提升并呈现出明显的集聚趋势,集聚区集中在皖江城市带;考虑空间因素后,外商直接投资对生态效率的直接效应和间接效应均具有EKC的"U"型特征,人均GDP对本地生态效率的影响也呈现出"U"型特征;产业结构对生态效率的间接影响为正,而环保意识对生态效率的间接影响为负,对外开放度和研发投入对生态效率的直接影响为负。因此,各市应发挥皖江城市带集聚区的扩散效应和示范效应,引导外资进入资源节约、环境友好型产业,同时尊重各市生态效率的差异,考虑空间单元的交互效应,因地制宜地利用外资,实现共赢。

Based on the panel data of 16 prefecture-level cities in Anhui province from 2008 to 2015, this paper adopts the Spatial Durbin Model to analyze the impact of FDI on eco-efficiency. The results indicate that： The eco-efficiency of cities increases steadily, shows a clear trend of agglomeration, and agglomeration areas concentrate in the area of Wanjiang City Belt; Considering the spatial factors, the direct and indirect effects of foreign direct investment （FDI） on the eco-efficiency all have the characteristics of ＂U＂ of EKC, and the impact of per capita GDP on the local eco-efficiency also presents the characteristics of ＂U＂; The indirect effect of industry structure on the eco-efficiency is positive, whereas the indirect effect of environmental awareness on the eco-efficiency is negative, anti the direct impacts of openness and R ＆ D investment on the eco-efficiency are negative. Therefore, each city needs to play the diffusion effect and demonstration effect of the Wanjiang City Belt agglomeration area, guides the foreign capital to enter the resource-saving and environment-friendly industries. Moreover, each city needs to respect other cities＇ eco-efficiency differences, consider the interaction effect of unit space, and make use of foreign investment according to local conditions and achieve a win-win situation.