聚晶金刚石复合片激光切割工艺研究

Technological study on laser cutting of polycrystalline diamond compact

聚晶金刚石(PCD)复合片因其硬度高、耐磨性好等性能在刀具行业应用广泛,为了探究PCD复合片的激光切割工艺特性,获取最优的切割质量和加工效率,减少磨削余量,采用Nd∶YAG激光器对1.6 mm厚PCD复合片进行切割工艺试验。利用数字显微镜和光学轮廓仪对材料切割表面及断面进行观测分析,系统研究了激光功率、切割速度、脉冲频率及离焦量等工艺参数对切割质量的影响。通过正交试验的直观分析与方差分析对工艺参数进行分析与优化设计,同时探究不同参数下激光能量对材料的作用机理。结果表明:材料表面能量密度的大小决定着激光切割质量,选用激光功率80 W,切割速度80 mm/min,脉冲频率60 Hz,零离焦量的切割参数,获得了切缝宽度为173.10μm,切缝单边锥度为5.90°,表面粗糙度Ra=0.65μm的优良PCD复合片激光切割质量。

Polycrystalline diamond （PCD） compact is widely used in cutting tool industry because of its high hard- ness, good wear resistance and other characteristics. In order to explore the PCD compact laser cutting technology characteristics, obtain the optimal cutting quality and processing efficiency, reduce the grinding allowance, cutting ex- periments of 1.6 mm thick PCD compact with Nd ： YAG laser were carried out. The cutting surface and cross-section of the material were observed and analyzed by using digital microscope and optical profiler. The effects of laser pow- er,cutting speed, pulse repetition rate and defocusing amount on cutting quality were systematically studied. The process parameters were analyzed and optimized by the visual analysis and variance analysis of orthogonal experi- ments. The effect mechanism of laser energy on materials under different parameters was also explored. The experi- ment results show that the surface energy density of the material determines the quality of laser cutting. Finally, the good quality of laser cutting of PCD compact with 173. 10 μm slit width,5.90° unilateral slit taper and 0. 65 μm sur- face roughness can be obtained under the condition of laser power 80 W,cutting speed 80 mm/min, pulse repetition rate 60 Hz and zero defocus amount.