中美社区消防安全比较研究

Comparative study on community fire safety in China and America

为提升我国社区消防安全水平,基于比较原理,对比分析中美社区消防安全工作。首先基于系统工程思想,分析影响社区消防安全的因素,并基于比较安全学研究方法论,提出中美社区消防安全比较研究的维度;其次比较分析2国在消防安全监管、消防标准、消防力量以及消防安全管理等4个方面的异同。研究结果表明,中美社区消防工作在消防安全监管、标准的制定、消防人才的培养、教育模式等方面有显著差异,美国消防安全相关经验可供我国社区消防管理借鉴。

For the sake of improving fire safety of communities in China, the paper was aimed at making a community fire safety management comparison between China and America based on the comparison theory. Combining with system engineering principles, factors affecting fire safety of community were obtained and dimensions to be considered in the comparison were identified based on the methodologies of the comparative safety science. Similarities and differences between the two countries in fire supervision, fire standards, fire powers and fire safety management for community fire work were summarized. Comparison results show that there are significant differences between the two in safety management, standard-formulating, firefighter-training, education model among others, and that America＇s experience may be used for reference in community fire safety management in China.