甘肃某奶牛场荷斯坦奶牛抗热应激方法探讨

Study on Anti-heat-stress Methods of Holstein Cows in a Cow Farm of Gansu Province

为探讨荷斯坦奶牛抗热应激最佳方案,选用甘肃某奶牛场部分出现热应激症状的奶牛,将其分为治疗1组与治疗2组,另选择未发生应激的奶牛10头作为正常对照组,其中正常对照组仅采用喷淋和风扇结合方式给奶牛降温,治疗1组在此基础上采用烟酰胺干预,治疗2组采用中草药制剂干预,比较分析各组环境温度、湿度、生理指标、生产性能指标、血液中激素、抗氧化能力及免疫相关指标。与正常对照组相比,治疗1组与治疗2组产奶量、血液中激素、抗氧化能力及免疫指标均在干预前发生显著变化,且经2种方法干预后均出现比较明显恢复(P<0.05)。与治疗1组干预后相比较,治疗2组经干预后,产奶量、血清中皮质醇(COR)、三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、胰岛素(INS)、热休克蛋白70(Hsp70)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量恢复显著(P<0.05)。结果表明,中草药制剂可以显著改善热应激奶牛环境温度、湿度、产奶量、激素水平、抗氧化及免疫能力。

To explore the best solution on the anti-heat-stress of Holstein cows, parts of cows appearing heat stress symptoms in a cow farm of Gansu province were selected.The cows were divided into the treatment group 1 and the treatment group 2,and another 10 cows without heat stress in this farm were selected as the control group.The cows in the control group were managed only with spraying and fan cooling.On the basis of using spraying and fan cooling,the cows in the treatment group 1 were treated with nicotinamide intervention,and the cows in the treatment group 2 were treated with Chinese herbal medicine preparation. Then the physiological indexes, performance indexes, environmental temperature and humidity, hormones in the blood,oxidation resistance and immune related indicators among the 3 groups were compared. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, milk yield, hormones in the blood, oxidation resistance and the immune indexes in the treatment group 1 and the treatment group 2 changed significantly before intervention,and they were significant recovered after intervention with two methods （P 〈0.05）. After the intervention, compared with the treatment group 1, the milk yield, COR, T3, INS, Hsp70, IgA, IgG,TNF-α,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and MDA contents in the treatment group 2 restored significantly （P 〈0.05）.Chinese herbal medicine preparation can significantly improve the milk yield, hormone levels, environmental temperature and humidity,antioxidant and immune capacities of the heat stress cows.