加拿大难民政策介绍及其对欧洲难民危机的启示

Canada's Refugee Policy and Its Implication for the Refugee Crisis in Europe

基于历史资料和移民数据,本文考察了加拿大接纳难民的历史,分析了加拿大难民体系的独特性,进而讨论了加拿大难民政策对欧洲国家进行难民管理的启示。二战后,加拿大通过加入国际公约和国会立法确立起难民管理体系,通过结合政府资助和民间担保两种方式接收来自世界各地的公约难民和处于相似情况下的难民申请;另外,加拿大移民和难民委员会在甄别难民资格过程中具有很大的独立性。这些独特之处使得加拿大可以有序地接纳难民,并促进难民的社会融入。作为借鉴,欧洲国家应在难民管理中更多融入民间组织和居民的作用。

Based on historical data and immigration statistics, this study examines the history of Canada＇ s acceptance of refugees. Further, this study gives analysis to the uniqueness of Canada＇ s refugee system, and discusses the implication of Canada＇ s policy to European countries＇ refugee management. After the Second World War, Canada acceded to the UN Convention and passed its Refugee Act. Through government assistance and private sponsorship programs, Canada accepted Convention refugees and refugees in similar circumstances around the world. In addition, the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada is independent in deciding eligibility of refugees. The uniqueness of Canada＇ s refugee policies helps Canada to admit refugees orderly and promotes refugees＇ social integration in Canada. As implication, European countries should integrate more the roles of social organizations and citizens in refugee management.