抑郁症患者肠道菌群丰度和种类及基因功能通路的病例对照研究

A case-control study on the abundance, species and gene functional pathway of gut microbiota in patients with depression

目的探讨抑郁症患者的肠道菌群丰度和种类及基因功能通路情况。方法采用鸟枪法宏基因组测序方法，对18例抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）及24名健康对照者（对照组）的肠道菌群丰度和种类及基因功能通路情况进行分析。结果抑郁症和对照组在菌群丰度上差异无统计学意义（t=0.33，P=0.74），而在细菌种类水平上差异有统计学意义（t=-4.37，P〈0.01）。氨基酸球菌属、发酵型氨基酸球菌、发酵氨基酸球菌DSM20731、糖解梭菌WM1、瘤胃菌属、嗜中温螺旋杆菌为抑郁症组较对照组表达较多的6种细菌（F=19.50、15.50、26.46、26.72、13.57、14.59，均P〈0.01），而嗜二氧化碳噬细胞菌、绿色糖单孢菌、猫螺杆菌ATCC_49179为抑郁症组较对照组表达较少的3种细菌（F=19.95、12.66、69.52，均P〈0.01）。2组在菌群基因的功能通路上差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.01），抑郁症组较对照组表达较高的2种通路为泛酸酯和辅酶A合成、色氨酸代谢通路（F=12.84、10.46），抑郁症组较对照组表达较低的通路为P53信号通路（F=13.35）。结论抑郁症患者肠道菌群的表达失调，这可能与泛酸酯和辅酶A合成、色氨酸代谢、P53信号通路表达差异有关，提示肠道菌群种类的表达失调可能参与了抑郁症的发病。

Objective To investigate the abundance, species and functional pathway of gut mierobiota of patients with depression. Methods Shotgun metagenome sequencing was performed on the gut mierobiota of 18 patients with depression and 24 normal controls. Results The abundance of the gut microbiota were not significantly different between the depressed patients and controls （t=0.33, P=0.74）, but there were significantly different in some species between two groups（t=-4.37, P〈0.01）. The first six bacteria which were acidaminocoecus, acidaminococeus fermentans, acidaminoceus fermentans DSM20731, clostridium saccharolyticum WM1, ruminococeaeeae and heliobacterium modesticaldum in depression group were more than those in the control group （F=19.50, 15.50, 26.46, 26.72, 13.57, 14.59, all P〈0.01）. The first three bacteria which were capnoeytophaga, saecharomonospora viridis and helicobacter fells ATCC_49179 in depression group were less than those in the control group （F= 19.95,12.66,69.52, all P〈0.01 ）. The functional pathway of the genes of microbiota were also significantly different between two groups （all P〈0.01）. The first two pathways which were synthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A, tryptophan metabolism in depressed patients were more than controls （F=12.94, 10.46）, while the P53 signal pathway in depressed patients was obviously less than controls （F=13.35）. Conclusion These findings enable a better understanding of changes in the fecal microbiota composition in depression patients. The disturbance of pathways of pantothenate and eoenzyme A biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and P53 signaling pathway could also influence mierobiota composition in depression patients.