经肛门微创手术治疗直肠肿瘤疗效分析

Analysis of the curative effect of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of rectal cancer

目的 探讨经肛门微创手术治疗直肠肿瘤的疗效.方法 选择100例直肠肿瘤患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例.对照组行传统经腹根治术,观察组行经肛门微创手术.比较两组患者的手术效果.结果 观察组手术时间、住院时间、术后进食时间均短于对照组[（78.45±12.34）min比（98.24±25.31）min,（3.12±0.43）d比（7.53±1.12）d,（1.23±0.30）d比（3.56±0.57）d]（t=4.970、25.992、25.578,均P〈0.05）,术中出血量少于对照组[（11.23±2.31）mL比（26.58±4.04）mL]（t=23.323,P〈0.05）;观察组术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组[6.00%（3/40）比20.00%（10/50）]（x2=4.332,P〈0.05）;手术后,观察组生活质量评分高于对照组高[（57.82±6.84）分比（48.23±4.50）分]（t=8.282,P〈0.05）;随访1年结果显示,两组患者转移率、复发率、生存率差异均无统计学意义[2.00%（1/50）比6.00%（3/50）,0.00%（0/50）比4.00%（2/50）,98.00%（49/50）比92.00%（46/50）]（x2=1.042、2.041、1.895,均P〉0.05）.结论 在直肠肿瘤患者中给予经肛门微创手术治疗效果显著,值得应用推广.

Objective To study the curative effect of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of rectal cancer.Methods 100 patients with rectal cancer were researched.They were randomly divided into observation group and control group,50 cases in each group.The control group received traditional abdominal radical operation,the observation group was treated with minimally invasive surgery.The operation effect was compared between the two groups.Results The operation time,length of stay and feeding time after operation in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group[（78.45±12.34）min vs.（98.24±25.31）min,（3.12±0.43）d vs.（7.53±1.12）d,（1.23±0.30）d vs.（3.56±0.57）d]（t=4.967,25.992,25.578,all P〈0.05）.The amount of bleeding during operation of the observation group was less than that of the control group[（11.23±2.31）mL vs.（26.58±4.04）mL]（t=23.323,P〈0.05）.The incidence rate of postoperative complications of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group[6.00%（3/40） vs.20.00%（10/50）]（x2=4.332,P〈0.05）.After surgery,the quality of life in the observation group was higher than that in the control group[（57.82±6.84）points vs.（48.23±4.50）points]（t=8.282,P〈0.05）.After 1 year of follow-up,there were no significant differences in metastasis rate,recurrence rate and survival rate between the two groups[2.00%（1/50） vs.6.00%（3/50）,0.00%（0/50） vs.4.00%（2/50）,98.00%（49/50） vs.92.00%（46/50）]（x2=1.042,2.041,1.895,all P〉0.05）.Conclusion The effect of minimally invasive surgery for patients with rectal cancer is significant,it is worthy of promoting.