突现理论视域下的文学风格及其可译性

Literary Style and Its Translatability from the Perspective of Emergence Theory

文学风格及其可译性的研究近年来基本处于停滞状态,主要原因是对风格的认识比较模糊,且研究缺乏抓手。突现理论是近年来科学哲学和系统科学讨论的热点话题,它探讨的是整体性质,认为整体具有组成部分所不具备的性质和功能;突现具有不可还原性、新颖性、不可预测性、以及下向因果性等,这些结论都为研究风格以及风格的可译性提供了一个崭新的视角。文学风格是一种典型的整体现象,风格的性质和功能是其组成部分所不具备的,因而通过作品的语言来认识和再现风格是不可能的。风格在不同语言之间具有不可译性;用"契合"的标准来评价译著风格更具可行性。

The studies of literary style and its translatability have been remaining stagnant in recent years, and the main reason may be the incapability of grasping a style and the lack of a hold in the studies. Emergence Theory is a new advancement in the philosophy of Science and Systems Science, which probes into the effect of the whole and claims that the whole owns some properties and functions that its components do not. The properties and functions of the whole are believed to be unpredictable, irreducible, novel, and have a downward causation, and these conclusions offer us a better understanding of literary style and its translatability. Literary style is a typical case of Emergence, and its properties and functions are what its components do not have. Therefore, it is impossible to understand and reproduce a style by means of linguistic elements. The theory justifies the untranslatability of literary style. The criterion of ＂Fitness＂ may be more workable in evaluating the style in translated version.