陕西叶螨暴发成灾原因与区域性控制技术体系研究

A Study on Causes of Outbreak of Leaf Mite and the Regional Controlling Technical System in Shaanxi

近年来陕西叶螨暴发成灾 ,灾情的显著特点为发生范围广 ,种群数量大 ,发生期早 ,受害期长 ,为害作物多 ,面积大。繁殖力强、食物条件优化是叶螨暴发的根本原因 ;整体防治不重视 ,抗药性能强等是大面积成灾的主要因素。根据叶螨为害特征及农村种植经营现状 ,提出控制叶螨暴发成灾的对策 :采用铲除杂草、区域连片种植、加强作物肥水管理及药剂滴心、根施、环涂防治与轮换用药等区域性控制技术体系 ,可达到断绝叶螨取食环境、延缓抗药性。

In recent years, outbreaks of leaf mite in Shaanxi have caused disasters. The characteristics of them are extensive in scale, dense in leaf mite population, early in occurrence time, long in damage period, many in kinds of crops sustained injury and wide in injured area. Strong reproductive capacity and abundant food condition are the prime reason of outbreak of leaf mite. Less attention to full scale control and increase in drug resistibility are the primary factors of extensive occurrence of leaf mite disaster. According to characteristics of leaf mite disaster and the present condition of planting and management in rural area, the countermeasures against leaf mite disasters are proposed. To get evident efficiency in deteriorating leaf mite's food searching environment, delaying the drug resistibility and controlling occurrence of leaf mite disaster in wide area, the following regional technical control system should be adopted, such as weed eradication, planting in conjunctive land, enhancing management of fertilization and irrigation, root absorption, and annular daub control and rotating drugs.