直流微电场对钛种植体骨结合影响的初步研究

A preliminary study on the effect of DCEF on osseointegration of titanium implants

目的:初步探究直流微电场对钛种植体骨结合的影响。方法:建立大鼠胫骨种植体模型,加载直流微电场,4周或8周后分别进行种植体周围骨密度的测量,扭矩值的测定,硬组织磨片的分析。结果:实验组种植体接触率明显高于对照组,实验组骨小梁间隔明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。第4周及第8周实验组大鼠种植体的平均旋出扭矩值均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。第4周实验组大鼠种植体骨结合率明显高于对照组,种植体周骨小梁面积百分数升高明显(P<0.05)。组织学结果显示:加载电场后,骨组织向种植体表面延伸生长,高倍镜下可见其形态类似于"伪足"。直流微电场组其标本钙化及未完全钙化骨组织密集,与种植体的附着密度大,骨质致密,且骨质成熟度高,而对照组种植体周围骨组织稀疏,新生骨小梁间隔明显偏大,小梁间的网格状结构明显不如实验组密集,骨成熟度及与种植体的粘附程度均稍差。结论:直流微电场可增强SD大鼠胫骨种植体周骨密度,促进骨结合。

Objective： To investigate the effect of direct current electric field （DCEF） on the osteointegration of titanium implants. Methods： Put the implants into the rat tibias. After 4 or 8 weeks of DCEF loading, the bone mineral density, implants rotation torque values and hard tissue grinding analysis of the experimental groups and the control groups were measured. Results： The bone-implant contact rates of the experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control groups, and the trabecular spaces in the experimental groups were significantly lower than those in the control groups （P〈O.05）. The average rotational torque values of the experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control groups in the 4th and 8th week（P〈0.05）. In the 4th week, the osseointegration rate of the implants in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the percentage of trabecular bone area of the implants increased significantly （P〈0.05）. The histological results showed that： After loaded DCEF, the bone around the implants extended to the implants surface and formed a pseudopod-like structure. The experimental groups were more closely adherent to the implants surface than the control groups. There were a large number of new trabecularbone and bone-like matrix on the surface of the implants. The trabecular bone was connected with each other into a net-like structure. The implant-bone interface in the experimental groups had uniform new bone. In the control groups, new bone tissues were loose, bone tissues maturity and the degree of tightness of the implant-bone were less. Conclusion： DCEF can enhance the implant-bone density of SD rat tibia, promote osteointegration.