中国西部地区气温与太平洋海温的关系

A STUDY ON RELATION OF WEST CHINA TEMPERATURE TO SST OF PACIFIC

利用1961~1990年我国西部(110 oE以西)155个测站的地面月平均气温和同期太平洋地区月平均海温资料和经验正交函数(EOF)展开方法,研究了中国西部地区各个季节的气温距平时空分布规律以及西部地区气温距平与太平洋海温异常之间的相互联系.结果发现:利用EOF展开得到的特征向量和时间系数能够较好地反映西部地区实际气温异常的时空分布特征.El Nino和La Nina年西部气温距平分布(冬季除外)呈现基本相反的状况,即在El Nino年气温偏暖(冷)的区域,在La Nina年则是气温偏冷(暖)的区域.各季节西部地区的气温变化与太平洋海温异常存在着相互影响和作用.

With the data of monthly mean temperature at 155 stations in West China, SST of Pacific Ocean from 1961 to 1990 and Empirical Orthogonal Function method, this work analyzed the spatial and temporal features of seasonal mean temperature in West China and the relationship between West China temperature and SST of Pacific Ocean on the basis of temperature comparison in El Nino and La Nina years. Results show that eigenvectors and temporal coefficients from the EOF expansion may properly reflect the spatial and temporal features of the temperature anomalies in West China. It also presents that El Nino and La Nina years have opposite temperature anomalies in West China (except for winter), namely, warmer (colder) areas in El Nino years correspond to colder (warmer) areas in La Nina years. The seasonal SST anomaly of the West Pacific can affect the temperature variation of winter in West China (such as the summer SST can affect the autumn temperature, and the winter SST can affect the temperature of the following spring). The temperature variation of summer can affect the SST of summer, autumn, and winter while the winter temperature can affect the SST of the following spring.