儿童寡肌病性皮肌炎合并肺间质病变2例报告

Childhood hypomyopathic dermatomyositis combined with interstitial lung disease: two cases report

目的探讨托珠单抗对儿童寡肌病性皮肌炎合并肺间质病变的疗效。方法回顾分析2例寡肌病性皮肌炎合并肺间质病变患儿的临床特点及治疗与预后,并复习相关文献。结果男女各1例,女性患儿10岁11个月、男性患儿8岁5个月,起病时均有气促,但无肌肉损害的临床表现;均有典型皮疹,但肌力及肌张力正常。实验室检查以血清铁蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、谷氨酸氨基转移酶及天冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高为主,肌酸肌酶除首次入院时稍高,复查始终在正常范围。高分辨CT示肺间质病变。临床诊断为寡肌病性皮肌炎合并肺间质病变。女性患儿经大剂量激素、环磷酰胺、环孢素、吡菲尼酮及丙种球蛋白等治疗无效死亡。男性患儿在常规激素治疗的基础上,加用托珠单抗(240 mg/次,2次),病情稳定,随访复查各指标均在正常范围内。结论儿童寡肌病性皮肌炎临床表现以及实验室检查结果不典型,死亡发生率高。联合托珠单抗治疗有效。

ObjectiveTo discusses the effectiveness of tocilizumab in the treatment of hypomyopathic dermatomysositis （HDM） combined with interstitial lung disease （ILD） in children. MethodsThe clinical characteristic, treatment, and prognosis of HDM combined with ILD were analyzed in 2 patients. The related literatures were reviewed. ResultsBoth ten-year-old girl and 8-year-old boy had shortness of breath after activities, but had no clinical manifestations of muscle damage; both of them had typical rash, but had nornal muscle strength and muscular tension. Laboratory tests showed the elevation of serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Creatine kinase slightly increased in the initial test, and then was in the normal range in the following tests. The high resolution computed tomography showed that pulmonary interstitial lesions. HDM combined ILD was diagnosed clinically. The girl died after treatment with high-dose hormones, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, pirfenidone, and gamma globulin failed. The boy was stabled after conventional hormone treatment plus tocilizumab （240 mg twice）. His laboratory indicators were in the normal range in the follow-up. ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators aren＇t typical in childhood HDM. The mortality is high. Combined with tocilizumab treatment is effective in one case.