犯罪现场三维建模技术研究进展

Research and Progress in 3D Modeling for Crime Scenes

为了长期保留犯罪现场信息并对其进行测量、观察和模拟,犯罪现场三维场景建模技术已经成为法庭科学研究和应用的热点。与传统以文字和图像为主要形式的记录手段相比较,犯罪现场三维建模技术能够全面、客观、准确地记录犯罪现场的三维信息,并以可视化的方式从不同视角观察和分析犯罪过程。本文综述了犯罪现场三维建模技术,介绍了基于软件的交互建模、基于图像的建模和三维扫描建模三种技术,分析比较了三种技术的优势与不足,给出了三种技术的应用示例,最后对犯罪现场三维建模技术的发展提出了建议。

In oredr for a long term to archive the relative clues and evidential objects from crime scenes and furthermore to measure, view and simulate them, three-dimensional （3D） modeling of crime scene has therefore become a hot topic of research and application in forensic science. Compared with the traditional recording techniques based on texts and images, 3D modeling of crime scene can keep the information of crime scene with merits of comprehensiveness, objectiveness and accuracy, leaving forensic experts able to visually analyze one crime scene from various perspectives. This paper overviews the 3D modeling of crime scene and emphatically introduces the fundamentals and applications of three kinds of modeling techniques： the software-based interactive one, that image-based and the 3D scanning one, together with the discussion on advantages and disadvantages of each of the three techniques by specific application examples. Finally, suggestions are proposed on further developing 3D modeling of crime scene.