民国地方选举中的组织化博弈——以1940年代湖南县市为考察对象

The Organized Games in the Local Elections of the Republic of China——Taking the counties and cities in Hunan as the study objects

抗战结束后,全国各地先后举行了县(市)参议员和国大代表选举。竞选者普遍选择组织化博弈策略,主要以政党、宗族及帮会等作为依托力量。竞选者个人实力是影响组织化博弈的前提和基础,组织化竞选资源的整合直接关系到选举效能。湖南省的实例表明,在党国一体的威权体制下,这两次地方选举及其组织化博弈并未起到奠定宪政基础的作用。

After the War of resistance against Japan, the elections of the senators at the county level and the delegates had been held all over the country. The organized games were chosen widely by the candidates who depended on sorts of parties, clans and gangs in the process. The personal strength of the candidates was the premise and basis which influenced the organized games. The integration of the election resources was related to the outcome of the election directly. The case in Hunan was one example which the elections and the organized games could not take effect on laying the foundation of constitutional government under the authoritarian regime.