民事诉讼和刑事诉讼之法律监督比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Legal Supervision between Civil Lawsuit and Criminal Lawsuit

民事诉讼中检察机关作为独立于诉讼主体的第三方,基于权力制约原理和检察官客观义务理论,有必要强化检察机关的诉讼监督权——从单纯的救济扩展到预防、由事后监督扩展到同步监督和事后监督并存;刑事诉讼中检察机关作为诉讼当事人,基于对刑事诉讼规律的遵循,有必要重新界定检察机关的诉讼监督权的内容——建立多元化的侦查监督权模式、实现审判监督职能和控诉职能的逐步分离、使监督内容限定为对法律问题的监督而非对事实认定的监督。

The procurator is a third party who is independent from the litigants in civil lawsuit. In consideration of power control principle and objective obligation of the public prosecutor, the prosecution supervision should be rein-forced , namely,extending from relief to prevention, from post supervision to synchronized supervision as well as post supervision. The procurator is a litigant in criminal lawsuit. In consideration of the following of action 5 s regu-lar pattern, the content of supervisory power should be redefined by establishing a diversified supervision mode of investigation , departing accusatory function from supervisory function, and limiting the content of supervision to the supervision over legal issues, rather than to the identification of facts.