变迁、结构、话语视角下的英爱民族问题探析

Anglo-Irish Ethnic Conflict Analysis on the Perspective of Change,Structures and Discourse

19世纪末期的格拉斯顿的爱尔兰自治法案失败后,爱尔兰人终于意识到自己只不过是英帝国的二等公民,自此爱尔兰的民族主义精神觉醒,意图推翻英国的殖民统治,走向了民族独立的道路。英爱民族问题的特点:民族主义运动愈加激烈;宗教与政治因素相结合;爱尔兰对英国的矛盾更加难解难分;民族问题最终以和平方式解决,这是难能可贵的。英爱民族冲突的发生可以用变迁、结构和话语三个方面来分析:变迁即英国的衰落;结构即宗教与政治的结构性矛盾;话语则是爱尔兰人的民族精神的觉醒。

After the failure of Gladstone？s Government of Ireland Bill at the end of the nineteenth century, the Irish people finally realized that they were only second-class citizens of the British Empire. Since then, the Irish nationalist spirit has awakened. They wanted to overthrowing British colonial rule？ toward independence. The characteristic of the problem is that the nationalism movement is becoming more and more intense, second the religious and political factors are combined. Ireland is more difficult to solve the British contradiction. At last the settlement of the national problem by peaceful means is praiseworthy. The occurrence of the British-American national conflict can be analyzed in three aspects： change, structure and discourse. Change is the decline of the United Kingdom, the structure that is religion and political structural contradictions, discourse is the awakening of the Irish national spirit.