地月拉格朗日L2点中继星轨道分析与设计

Trajectory Analysis and Design for Relay Satellite at Lagrange L2 Point of Earth-Moon System

地月L2点位于地月连线的延长线上,在地月L2点运行的卫星可以连续观测月球背面,解决月球背面与地球之间的通讯问题,在月球背面着陆探测任务中起着至关重要的作用。对从地球出发、利用月球引力辅助变轨、形成地月L2点的轨道进行了研究,分析了发射窗口、地月转移时间、近月点高度、近月点倾角、轨道振幅等多项因素对转移轨道和使命轨道特性的影响,寻求满足地月L2点中继任务需求的飞行轨道。通过分析研究,文章明确了转移和使命轨道的相关特性,可为中继星任务轨道的参数设计和优化提供有益参考。

The Earth-Moon L2 point plays a significant role in the far-side lunar landing mission due to its special location.Orbits about the L2 point could provide continuous communications link between the Earth and the lunar far-side lander. Transfertrajectories using lunar gravity assisted to L2 point and libration point trajectories are studied in this paper. Considering missionrequirements,the trajectory characteristics and influence factors are analyzed,including launch window,transfer duration,amplitude of halo orbit,attitude and inclination of periselene. Through the analysis of influence factors,the paper provides severalconclusions of trajectory characteristics,which could offer references for relay satellite trajectory design and optimization.