在月球背面进行低频射电天文观测的关键技术研究

Key Technologies of Very Low Frequency Radio Observations on the Lunar Far-Side

月球具有足够大的尺寸,能够有效地遮挡来自地球的低频电磁波干扰,因此月球背面是进行低频射电天文观测的最佳场所。本文论述了利用低频射电频谱仪在月球背面进行空间低频射电天文观测的意义,给出了低频射电频谱仪工作原理、科学探测目标和系统组成。研究了低频射电频谱仪的设计,并采用低频射电频谱仪对北京中关村地区空中低频电磁波辐射频谱进行了试验探测,结果表明:低频射电频谱仪能够清晰地探测到0.1~40 MHz频带内的广播电台及授时台等发射的低频电磁波信号。

The Moon has a large size,which can effectively block the low-frequency electromagnetic interference from theEarth,so the lunar far-side is the best place for low-frequency radio astronomical observation. In this paper,the significance ofusing a very low frequency radio spectrometer（VLFRS）for the low frequency radio astronomical observation on the back of themoon is discussed. And the goals,as well as the basic principles,design,composition and achievements of the VLFRS aredescribed. Finally,experiments on the radiation spectrum of low frequency electromagnetic wave in Zhongguancun area,Beijingare analyzed. The results show that the low frequency radio signals in the 0.1~40MHz band, which are emitted by the radio stationsand the time-service centers, can be clearly detected by the VLFRS.