《恩惠》中母爱与人伦的悖论

A reading into the paradox between maternal love and ethics in A Mercy

在《恩惠》中,莫里森将主人公母女离散的个体经验纳入美国黑人的文化经验,借此分析种族奴隶制的意识形态根基及其在经济、社会和心理层面上的成因。作者借母爱之施者与受者的个体经历来重构殖民地时代的美国历史,描绘了早期美国的社会政治图景。作者笔下的早期美国史是在美国历史的神化过程中失落的叙事,是被历史的暴力性建构所遮蔽、歪曲、涂抹的史实,真实反映了黑人在美洲种族奴隶制初期的集体历史。而黑人族群内部母爱与人伦的悖论,也正肇始于这段历史。

In A M^cy, by incorporating the heroine,s individual experience-her separation from mother- into black Americans’ cultural experience,Morrison examines the source of this racial slavery,as well as its ideological roots and its economic, social and psychological causes. Morrison,s version of the colonial Amer-ican history, by focusing on the individual experience of giving and getting maternal love, rewrites the social and political landscape of an early America. Her version is the one missing in the process of turning the A-merican history into a myth, and the one hidden, distorted and erased by violent historical construction. It faithfully mirrors the collective history of the blacks in the early period of racial slavery. And it is no other than this history that breeds the paradox between maternal love and ethics within the blacks.