近代以来莆田木雕产业的历史演变

History of Putian Woodcarving Industry in Modern Times

简述近代以来,莆田木雕产业在木雕的原料来源、作品用途、生产经营方式、产业主体人群(艺人)的社会地位等方面发生了显著的变化。通过对这几个方面的梳理,分析近代以来莆田木雕产业的历史演变,认为莆田木雕产业经历了自给自足生产、计划经济下的生产、经济转型期的生产三个阶段。每个阶段有其自身的发展特点和发展逻辑。由此,将其分别归纳为民俗文化需求模式、政策主导模式、商业经济模式三种产业发展模式。对比分析三种模式的优势和劣势,认为要建立理想的产业发展模式,莆田社会、政府、企业都肩负着各自的责任和使命。

This paper briefly introduces that modern times have seen a dramatic shift in Putian woodcarving industry, involving sources of raw materials, the use of works, production and management, the social status of artisan. Through carding of these aspects, this paper analyzes the historical evolution of Putian woodcarving industry in modern times. It holds that Putian woodcarving industry has experienced three phases, including the production phase of self-sufficiency, the production phase of planned economy and the production phase of economical reforming time. Each stage has its own characteristics and logic of developing. It follows that the history of Putian woodcarving in modern times can be divided into three types of industry development models which is the demand model of folk culture, the mode of policy leading, the model of business economic. By contrast to the advantages and disadvantages of these three models, the point is made that society, state and enterprise bears their responsibilities and mission to establish an ideal model of Putian woodcarving industry.