儿童膀胱过度活动症诊断方法研究进展

Study progress of diagnosis of overactive bladder in children

儿童膀胱过度活动症（OAB）是一种以尿急为主要特征的临床症候群。目前主要根据临床表现进行诊断。OAB的病理生理机制包括逼尿肌过度活动、尿道不稳定及其他神经和精神因素等。仅依靠临床症状诊断OAB常不能精确诊断逼尿肌和尿道括约肌的功能异常，从而影响治疗效果。近期有研究建议尿动力学可以更精确地诊断OAB，也有研究发现测定尿液中生长因子和通过对自主神经系统功能测定也有助于诊断儿童OAB。现对儿童OAB的最新诊断方法进展进行综述。

Overactive bladder（OAB） is a clinical syndrome which mainly defined by urinary urgency, and it is mainly diagnosed by clinical manifestations. The pathophysiological mechanisms include detrusor overactive, urethral instability and other neurological or psychiatric factors. Obviously, the dysfunction of detrusor and urethral sphincter can not be diagnosed accurately that consequently affects the treatment significantly by clinical symptoms. Recently, the uro- dynamic evaluation is recommended for more precise diagnose of OAB. In addition, it has been reported that urinary nerve growth factor and autonomic nervous system function could be used to diagnose OAB in children. The updated techniques diagnosis of OAB in children are summarized in this review.