“他者”之镜像:论南戏《琵琶记》的跨文化戏剧改编

The Mirror of the “Other”: On the Intercultural Adaptation of Nanxi Pipa Ji

1940年代,西方戏剧工作者将南戏代表作《琵琶记》改编成英语音乐剧《琵琶歌》并在百老汇舞台成功上演,一是为了向西方"自我"的戏剧传统致敬;二是借助"他者"改良西方现实主义舞台。《琵琶歌》将中国戏曲艺术中的空舞台、象征手法、虚拟动作、"歌"等元素抽离并置换。作为跨文化戏剧,《琵琶歌》的主题进行了西方人眼中的本土化改编,以神权至上取代原剧的人本关怀,实现了文学作品的诗学功能。

During the 1940s, the Nanxi Pipa Ji was successfully adapted into an English language Broadway musical Lute Song for two purposes： to honor the western theatrical tradition of ＂self＂, and to employ the ＂other＂ to improve the western realistic stage. Some representative artistic elements of Xiqu were displaced and replaced in Lute Song, such as the bare stage, symbols, pantomime acts and singing. The theme of Lute Song as an intercultural play has been indigenized, and the humanistic concern is substituted with the idea of divine supremacy, to suit the poetics of the adapted literature.