论多勒泽尔的文学虚构与可能世界理论

Lubomir Dolezel's Literature Fiction and Possible Worlds Theory

卢伯米尔·多勒泽尔是英语世界文学虚构与可能世界理论的重要代表之一,他运用可能世界框架取代传统的虚构研究的单一世界框架,认为文学虚构世界是一种特殊的可能世界,为叙事学和虚构理论提供了新的思路。在《异宇宙:虚构与可能世界》一书中,他集中阐释了由文学文本建构投射的虚构世界和影响虚构世界建构效果的话语方式。本文全面评述了多勒泽尔的可能世界理论体系,认为对我国的文学理论研究的立足点、视点和文学性质理解上都具有重要的启发意义。

Lubomir Dolezel is one of the most important literary theorists of the so-called fiction and possible worlds theory in the English world. In Dolezel＇s Heterocomica： Fiction and Possible Worlds, the author provides a conceptual framework of possible worlds against the one-world frame in traditional fiction study, arguing that fiction worlds are a special kind of possible worlds. Focusing on the fictional universe projected by literary texts and the discursive means of achieving fictional effects, he offers a new approach to narrative and fiction study. This paper is a complete review of the entire system of Dolezel＇ s possible worlds theory, and argues that it is significantly illuminating to the development of China＇ s contemporary literary theory.