古代针灸治疗瘿病的取穴规律研究

Study on Rules of Acupoint Selection for Gall in ancient Acupuncture and Moxibustion

目的:通过检索古医籍中针灸治疗瘿病的相关文献,总结古代针灸治疗瘿病的取穴规律。方法:确立瘿病的相关检索词,依据中医大型电子图书《中华医典》中的文献条目构建数据库,运用频数分析和数据挖掘技术考察古代针灸治疗瘿病的腧穴和经脉使用频次、腧穴间配伍规律、特定穴使用情况及腧穴分布情况。结果:古代治疗瘿病以近部选穴为主,使用频次居前5位的腧穴为天突、肩髃、气舍、天府、臑会,使用频次靠前的经脉为手阳明大肠经、任脉、手太阴肺经、足阳明胃经、足少阳胆经,腧穴间配伍形式包括局部配穴、本经配穴及同名经配穴,以局部配穴为主,选用频次最高的特定穴为交会穴,选用腧穴多位于颈项部和上肢部。结论:古代治疗瘿病注重近部选穴,多取循经颈部经脉上腧穴,腧穴间配伍以局部配穴为主,多使用交会穴,所选腧穴多分布于颈项部和上肢部,可为针灸治疗本病提供依据和参考。

Objective： By searching relative literature of ancient books, our goal is to explore the ancients＇ rules in acupoints selection for acupuncture treatment of gall. Methods： Search words related to gall were established. A database was set up which was based on electronic publications of Chinese medical. Frequency analysis and data mining were used to research the use frequencies of different acupoints and meridians, the regularities in acupoint combination, the use of specific points, and the distribution of acupoints. Result- The top five commonly used acupoints were Tiantu （ RN 22） , Jianyu（ LI 15 ）, Qishe （ST 11 ）, Tianfu （LU 3 ） and Naohui （SJ 13 ）. Acupoints of adjacent parts were the main ones. Large intestine channel of hand-yangming, conception channel, lung channel of hand-taiyin, stomach channel of foot- yangming, gall-bladder channel of foot-shaoyang were often selected. The form of acupoint combination included combination of adjacent acupoints, self-meridian acupoints, and combination of the same name meridians acupoints. The most commonly used specific points are the crossing points. The most commonly used acpoints are located in the neck and upper limbs. Conclusion ： Acupoints of adjacent parts were most commonly selected in ancient acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of gall, the acupoints of meridians going through the neck were often selected, combination of adjacent acupoints were used frequently, the crossing points were often used, and the acupoints were usually located in the neck and upper limbs. All results above can provide guidence to acupuncture treatment of gall.